We have started a new year be full of amazing scientific discoveries and innovations never seen before. At least, that's what we want those who spend much time in our lives to understanding, learning and dissemination of the various sciences.





But before you start to assimilate new discoveries in this 2011, I thought it would be very interesting to look back a little and remember some amazing scientific discoveries and events that have occurred in the past. And what better way than to consult people of great importance to science and popular science, great thinkers and educators, who have devoted their days and their lives to science, the following question:

"What is the discovery, event, incident or scientific fact that are most impressive, amazing and wonderful in the world of science that you always remember, that comes into your head when you think about science and can not stand you the urge to tell everybody? "

Well, that's what I did. And these true greats of science I had replied with great precision and a giant kindness. So this article is of them, are his wise words, opinions, knowledge, and I just ordered me to collect such amounts of wisdom and share them here. I hope you enjoy the most amazing aspects of science in the opinion of truly great
Hugo Armando Cáceres Galleguillos, chemist, astronomer, astronomical tour guide and an astronomy professor at the Lycee Mistral Paihuano:

"The two great pillars of the XXI century science of quantum mechanics are essential in the microscopic world, and the theory of Einstein gravity, which contains no quantum concepts. But we do not know a single scheme to collate and unify the two. As most of the phenomena involved or quantum effects or gravitational effects, but not both, this science is not an obstacle for the advancement of earth science, nor for the advancement of astronomy. The Universe is governed by these two laws, at the macro and micro, as wonderful, that's what I consider of great importance to science today and to come. "


Hugo Armando Cáceres Galleguillos, chemist, astronomer, astronomical tour guide and an astronomy professor at the Lycee Mistral Paihuano:




"The two great pillars of the XXI century science of quantum mechanics are essential in the microscopic world, and the theory of Einstein gravity, which contains no quantum concepts. But we do not know a single scheme to collate and unify the two. As most of the phenomena involved or quantum effects or gravitational effects, but not both, this science is not an obstacle for the advancement of earth science, nor for the advancement of astronomy. The Universe is governed by these two laws, at the macro and micro, as wonderful, that's what I consider of great importance to science today and to come. "

Captain Manuel Herman, who worked on the web Planets, translator, science writer and author of the website "Siemens Siemens Siemens Science"



"Honestly, it's a very complicated question. Perhaps the wonder of science is that even in the tiniest details, we can find something to amaze. For example always interesting to note the occurrences in the nature of mathematical patterns such as Fibonacci spiral or fractal geometry. However, a story that I love, is the discovery of the first pulsar. In 1967 Jocelyn Bell and Anthony Hewish discovered a radio source from outer space, with incredibly precise regularity. At first they were thought to extraterrestrial signals, nothing natural could issue an X-ray pattern so regular, so the dubbed LGM (Little Green Men - little green men). Over time they discovered it was a natural pattern produced by neutron stars, and in 1974, Hewish received the Nobel Prize in physics for his discovery, but not Bell, in what is considered a historical injustice. However, despite the importance of the discovery to astrophysics, which I find reminiscent of this story is its moral. The universe is a big place and strange, far stranger than our imagination embraces, so stay always ready to surprise you. "

Sergio L. Palacios, a professor of physics at the University of Oviedo, science writer, author of the website "Physics in Science Fiction" and the fantastic book "War of two worlds." Next to launch his second book "Einstein vs Predator":



"Well, you see, I always have drawn much attention to two major physical theories at our disposal today. I refer to Albert Einstein's general relativity and quantum mechanics. The first by way of explaining the behavior of space-time scales large, the influence of matter in the fabric of space and time and, above all, the fantastic predictions that can do such as the existence of holes black holes, wormholes, among other equally disconcerting. In terms of quantum mechanics, I find it extremely fascinating to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and how all physical objects have a dual behavior of both particle and wave. "

Brühl María Carolina Rojas, director of the Astronomical Observatory "Istituzione Leonardo Da Vinci." Scientific research, public and the first woman astronomer in South America who runs an observatory:



"This is a very difficult question because there are thousands of scientific events in different areas that have marked the history of science and every day you discover something new. An event in which I always think with a degree of bitterness is the launch of the dog Laika on November 3, 1957 in space, was a breakthrough for future human missions by humans, but at the expense of the life of the dog and in general at that time there were many experiments with various animals. I love and respect very much animal life and that this event even if I played live, I'm sorry and I mention it every time I talk about life in my lectures. On the other hand experienced an event that has impacted me happened in August 2003 in the approach of Mars to Earth, and to see the south polar cap of another planet through a telescope was sensational. I also recall with great excitement the meteor shower of the Leonids in 2006, where I have about 900 of them. Anyway I could list thousands of events but if I mention only a few or one, these would be. Do not ask me, but the event would really be impressive to mankind in the future, would be to finally find life elsewhere in the universe: for me this would be the top news, also because I love the topic of astrobiology and SETI. "

José Alejandro Tropea, writer, designer, illustrator and writer, author of a variety of websites among which include "universe view", "Ideas and pencils" and "science humor":



"If I have to choose a scientific fact I find most amazing and incredible in the world of science I prefer the man on the moon. Because the way is the synthesis or the sum of many other great discoveries and scientific facts to throughout history. That night of July 20 saw him live, black and white, with Armstrong on the moon, at 23.35 pm I think, time, Argentina with my parents next to my bed on a winter's day too very cold. And despite my young age I was blown away and I could not believe that is exactly what you asked. And I remember the high school physics teacher saying: See? That's what you can do with what you are learning here. "

Sergio Parra, a writer, editor, science writer, author of the website "Genciencia" and books "jitanjafora", "La moleskine" and "decapitated Venus," among others. He has received several awards and recognitions for its tireless work of literature:



"The theme of freedom and determinism has always fascinated me because in it lies the meaning of life. If there is no liberty, if everything is determined, it is worth living? In classical physics there, according to common sense, an objective world out there. The world is moving in a clear and deterministic, governed by mathematical equations formulated exactly. This is as true for the theories of Maxwell and Einstein to Newton's original scheme. In addition, our bodies and our brains are being themselves part of this world.
It is considered that they also evolve according to the same precise and deterministic classical equations. All our actions will be determined by these equations. If you specify positions, velocities and masses of various particles in an instant, then their positions and velocities (and their masses, as they are considered constant) are mathematically determined for all subsequent moments. This form of determinism, satisfied by the world of Newtonian mechanics, was (and still has) a profound influence on philosophical thought.
However, from the point of view of quantum mechanics, it seems unlikely that someday we may know the position, velocity and energy of all particles in the Universe, but even so, these are governed by fixed laws, non-randomness and chance? If so, would there be freedom? Can we predict it? "Every physical event, including thought and human action is determined by a rigid chain of cause and consequence?
Most physicists consider that chance plays an important role in the atomic scale, but that human scale is practically deterministic world: life, then, is an illusion? "

Valenzuela America, journalist, writer, broadcaster and scientist videocomunicados news and science, health and environment, the author of "Science in the Bucket", a contributor to prestigious publications such as Quo, The World and RTVE:



"Then I think of the dinosaurs. In people who discovered the bones of these animals and do not understand anything. They thought it belonged to mythological creatures such as dragons, cyclops, unicorns and sunbeams juices in the case of pieces of amber. I think Sir Richard Owen in order to put those fantasies overwhelmed and coined the term dinosaur in 1841 and made an anatomical description of these beings, which today is nonsense, but at the time was a big step. Since then so far every step, however small it may seem, in reconstructing Earth's past, the lives of dinosaurs, the evolution of species, and hominids, fascinates me. In short time I would ask the day that Owen coined the term at the annual meeting of the British Academy for the Advancement of Science held in Plymouth. "

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